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To carry out their activities, Research Teams of the Frédéric Joliot Institute for Life Sciences have developed high-profile technological platforms in many areas : biomedical imaging, structural biology, metabolomics, High-Throughput screening, level 3 microbiological safety laboratory...
All the news of the Institute of life sciences Frédéric Joliot
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In collaboration with a German Research Team from Marburg University, Pavel Müller and Klaus Brettel (I2BC @ Saclay / SB2SM) have studied the first steps of photoactivation of a Class II photolyase of the Methanosarcina mazei archaeobacteria by resolute optical spectroscopy time and discovered a peculiarity of this class of photolyases: photoinduced separation of charges is stabilized by a water cluster, a structural element also preserved in class II photolyases of plants and animals.
According to a study published in the Journal of Nuclear Medicine, Irène Buvat's Research Team (IMIV, SHFJ), in collaboration with the Vincent Frouin's one (UNATI / NeuroSpin) proposed an unprecedented imaging approach based on the use of the ComBat harmonization method derived from genomics. This method correctly estimates the "center" effect that affects the images and thus makes it possible to analyze together radiomic biomarkers of positron emission tomography (PET) images from different centers.
Julie Soutourina (I2BC@Saclay / SBIGeM) was invited by Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology to publish a review on the molecular functioning of the Mediator, a multi-protein complex, conserved from yeast to humans, and essential to the regulation of the expression of genes. Potential therapeutic approaches targeting the Mediator (cancer, fungal infections) are also adressed.
A SIMOPRO Research Team, in collaboration with a SCBM Team, has identified, by screening a library of small chemical molecules, a compound capable of reducing the sensitivity of cells to a plant toxin, that is ricin. By collaborating with seven Teams of microbiologists, researchers have shown that this compound, called ABMA, protects cells by blocking an intracellular transport pathway borrowed by many other bacterial and intracellular pathogenic toxins. ABMA defines a new family of broad-spectrum anti-infective agents.
A patented Radio Frequency (RF) transmission method developed by NeuroSpin for 7 Tesla human brain imaging now removes artifacts still present in 3 Tesla large organ images. This has been demonstrated by UNIRS Research Team in collaboration with Henri-Mondor Hospital in liver imaging. The applied method, called "kT points", substantially improves the quality of images obtained, compared to the conventional method of parallel transmission.
A NeuroSpin Research Team (UNICOG) has shown, as a result of cerebral electrical activity, that the baby orientates himself to people's faces around him since his birth. He learns quickly to recognize them, but he does so with his right hemisphere in the first months of life. These works are published in the journal Nature Human Behavior.
A Research Team from I2BC@Saclay, in collaboration with researchers from Biam and Naturex, clarified the mode of action of antioxidant compounds from rosemary. They studied the operating mode of carnosic acid and its main oxidation derivative, Carnosol, well-known antioxidants that can account for up to 10% of the dry weight of rosemary leaves.
NeuroSpin's Researchers (UNICOG) discovered how the brain integrates and filters information flows. By combining high-resolution temporal brain imaging (MEG) techniques and machine learning algorithms, neurobiologists have been able to determine the sequence of neuronal operations that allows the brain to specifically select relevant information. These observations are described in Nature Communications.
Mapping the human "connectome" requires identifying the anatomical connections made by the white fibers. A NeuroSpin researcher (GIN / Bordeaux) participated in a large study involving 20 research teams, with the aim of providing the best possible reconstruction of anatomical connectivity of the human brain with tractography procedures. The results of this study, published in Nature Communications, show the limitations of tractography and should favor the development of new algorithms.
A SPI/LERI Research Team has recently developed new test strips for the detection of some multi-resistant bacteria. A hospitalization project for these high-speed screening tests will be rolled out in 2018 with funding from EIT Health.
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CEA is a French government-funded technological research organisation in four main areas: low-carbon energies, defense and security, information technologies and health technologies. A prominent player in the European Research Area, it is involved in setting up collaborative projects with many partners around the world.